Influence of Global Operating Parameters on the Reactivity of Soot Particles from Direct Injection Gasoline Engines

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the impact global operating parameters, e.g., engine speed, brake mean effective pressure, and air–fuel ratio, a turbocharged 4-cylinder GDI on reactivity soot particles against oxidation. knowledge crucial for optimizing gasoline particulate filter regeneration strategies is, consequently, key parameter reducing fuel consumption CO 2 emissions. In work, time-resolved in-cylinder concentrations exhaust particle size distributions are measured by using two-color pyrometry, sizer smoke meter, respectively. Reactivity oxidation molecular oxygen determined temperature programmed analysis. To derive physicochemical explanation varying reactivity, morphological nanostructural primary structure collected samples analyzed high-resolution electron microscopy image analysis algorithms. results reveal that parameters affect differently. While speed has only slight effect, reduction air/fuel ratio ( λ < 1.0) or an increase BMEP > 10 bar significantly reduces reactivity. These findings give evidence, quality fuel/air mixture significant influencing Measured substantiate hypothesis low-sooty homogeneous premixed combustion favors formation high-reactive fractions. Reactive aggregates composed multiple fractions different short graphene-like layers vice versa, providing depending conditions.